closure

toc =Closure=

"The principle of closure applies when we tend to see complete figures even when part of the information is missing. We see three black circles covered by a white triangle, even through it could just as easily be three incomplete circles joined together. Our minds react to patterns that are familiar, even though we often receive incomplete information. It is speculated this is a survival instinct, allowing us to complete the form of a predator even with incomplete information” (interaction-design.org).

1. Closure: the act of observing the parts but perceiving the whole p63, closure deals with “change, time and motion” (McCloud, 65) 2. Comics show us some things but not others, what isn't in the comic is important too 3. Visual iconography is the vocabulary of comics, while closure is its grammar

Closure is what happens in the reader's mind between the juxtaposed images in the comic. Different levels of closure are practiced within each comic book.

Factors Affecting Closure

 * 1) Panel to panel transition 1: **Moment to moment**: very little closure, ie: showing a character blink
 * 2) Panel to panel transition 2: **Action to Action** progressions: ie: hitting a base ball
 * 3) Transition 3: **Subject to Subject**: reader involvement in closure, filling in what happens in the gutter is required to create meaning, ie: someone crossing the finish line, next panel is the timer being stopped
 * 4) Transition 4: **Scene to Scene**: transports us through significant distances of time and space
 * 5) Transition 5: **Aspect to Aspect**: different aspects of a place, idea or mood
 * 6) Transition 6: **Non-Sequitur**: no logical relationships between panels
 * 7) Comics rely on only one sense (visual) to convey a world of experience


 * More information can also relate to Gutter

Closure in Film
Closure is also a term used in film studies. In theatre and film, closure is defined as the degree to which the ending of a narrative film reveals the effects of all the causal events and resolves (or "closes off") all lines of action. Classical narrative films can be identified by the high degree of closure which typically mark their resolution. The ideal classic narrative is a story with a concrete beginning, middle, and end, and in which every one of the questions raised along the course of the story is answered by the time the narration is complete.

Examples of Closure in Film:
Closure: - Alice in Wonderland: Alice wakes up and realizes her adventure was only a dream. - Finding Nemo: The mission of finding Nemo is solved and the fish all live happily ever after. - Requiem For A Dream: The main characters featured in the movie finally realize the effects of drugs and how they ruin lives.

**Works Cited**
http://www.interaction-design.org/encyclopedia/gestalt_principles_of_form_perception.htmlMcCloud, Scott. __Understanding Comics__ Bordwell, David, Kristin Thompson. Film Art: An Introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001